Scissor Lifts in Construction
Overview of Topic
OSHA addresses scissor lifts under the scaffolding regulations in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L and under the mobile scaffold guidelines. Scissor lifts are a type of mobile scaffold with an elevating platform that can raise vertically. Proper usage and compliance with safety standards are crucial to prevent accidents when operating or working from scissor lifts.
Inspection Before Use Requirements
A competent person must inspect scissor lifts before use each day or at the beginning of each shift to ensure they are in proper working condition. Important inspection points include:
- Checking for hydraulic leaks and proper fluid levels.
- Ensuring that guardrails are intact and secure.
- Verifying that the lift operates smoothly without any unusual noises or behaviors.
- Examining the tires and platform for damage or excessive wear.
Defective lifts must be tagged out and removed from service until repaired.
Use Requirements
- Load Capacities: Do not exceed the load capacity of the scissor lift as specified by the manufacturer. This includes the combined weight of workers, tools, and materials.
- Stability: Only operate the lift on a firm, level surface to prevent tipping. Avoid using scissor lifts on muddy, uneven, or unstable ground.
- Operational Safety: Ensure that safety systems and controls are used according to manufacturer instructions. Never override electrical or mechanical safety devices.
- Positioning: Keep the scissor lift at least 10 feet away from electrical power lines and ensure adequate clearance overhead and around the platform.
General Industry Rules Applicable to Construction
Scissor lifts are also subject to general industry standards (1910 Subpart F), which include:
- Ensuring that scissor lifts have guardrails installed to prevent falls.
- Operators must have training on the specific model of scissor lift they will use, focusing on safe operation and emergency procedures.
- Fall protection or personal fall arrest systems should be used if the guardrails are inadequate.
Other Safety Rules
- Fall Protection: Workers on the platform must use guardrails properly. Personal fall arrest systems or restraint belts should be used as an additional safety measure if recommended by the manufacturer.
- Aerial Hazards: Be aware of overhead hazards such as ceilings and other structures when raising the platform. Always maintain a safe distance to avoid collisions.
- Weather Conditions: Do not operate scissor lifts outdoors in high winds or poor weather conditions that could affect stability and safe operation.
Specific Regulations
Refer to the applicable OSHA regulations for mobile scaffolds and scissor lifts:
- Mobile Scaffolds: 29 CFR 1926.452(w)
- Scissor Lifts as Aerial Work Platforms: 29 CFR 1926.453
Employee Training
OSHA mandates that all scissor lift operators receive proper training from a qualified person. Training should include:
- Safe operation of the lift, including maneuvering, positioning, and stability.
- Recognition of electrical hazards, fall hazards, and any other potential risks.
- Procedures for dealing with emergencies, such as equipment malfunctions or power failures.
Training Tips
- Regularly schedule training refreshers to ensure all operators are familiar with the latest safety practices and equipment updates.
- Include practical demonstrations and hands-on practice in training sessions to enhance understanding and retention.
Where to Go for More Information
Ensure that all scissor lift operations are conducted safely by adhering to OSHA regulations and best practices to prevent workplace accidents and injuries.
